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One hemisphere of Enceladus may have the youngest surface of any of the jovian moons, with volcanoes spewing “ash” and “lava flows” of ___________ .

While Ganymede and Callisto are about the same size, the surface of Callisto is much younger, with considerable tectonic reformation.

Sunspots are dark splotches on the Sun.  Which statement is true?

The solar corona is much cooler than the sun’s photosphere, hence we must wait for a total solar eclipse to glimpse it with the naked eye.

The solar neutrinos observed on Earth come from the hot spots in the corona.

The element erupting from the volcanoes of Io is __________ .

A solar __________ is a sudden violent disruption around sunspots, releasing a tremendous amout of energy in almost all wavelengths.

As the Sun rotates, an individual sunspot can be tracked across its face.  From eastern to western limb, this takes about:

The Galilean moon of most interest to exobiologists is

Without the strong nuclear force, the universe would be make only of hydrogen.