A 46-year-old male with a 40-pack-year smoking history, pres…

A 46-year-old male with a 40-pack-year smoking history, presents with a two-year history of worsening dyspnea and a one-month history of dry cough. Patient gives no history of fever, chills, chest pain, or wheeze. A chest X-ray shows hyperinflated lungs with bullae, flattened diaphragm, and no cardiomegaly or areas of consolidation. Pulmonary function tests (PFT) reveal a decrease in FEV1 along with reduction of FEV1/FVC ratio. These findings are characteristic of which of the following conditions?

A 12-year-old boy is brought to the Emergency Department wit…

A 12-year-old boy is brought to the Emergency Department with sudden onset of dyspnea with wheezing. The patient had a similar episode a month ago. An arterial blood gas shows hypoxemia, hypercapnia and acidosis. The chest X-ray shows clear lung fields. The most likely accompanying laboratory finding in this case would be:

A 28-year-old HIV (+) male patient presents to the ER compla…

A 28-year-old HIV (+) male patient presents to the ER complaining of shortness of breath, non-productive cough, and fever.  Vital signs for the patient are as follows:    T: 101°F (orally) BP: 110/70 (left arm, seated) HR: 118/min, regular RR: 26/min O2 saturation (room air): 88%             Lung examination reveals bibasilar rales, and is otherwise unremarkable.  Chest radiograph (CXR) demonstrates diffuse bilateral infiltrates, and arterial blood gas (ABG) reveals significant hypoxemia.  Based on this information, which of the following conditions is the most likely diagnosis for this patient?