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This psychic structure begins to develop during the first year of life, characterized by self-awareness, planning, and delay of gratification. It functions according to the reality principle.

________ is/are a perception in the absence of sensory stimulation that is confused with reality.

Needs give rise to ___________, which is a condition of arousal in an organism, causing them to take action.

In the context of operant conditioning, the removal of a pleasant stimulus is known as__________. 

Positive psychology is a field of psychology that is about personal well-being and satisfaction; joy, sensual pleasure, and happiness; and optimism and hope for the future.

According to Alfred Adler, the inferiority complex are feelings of inferiority (not good enough) that work as a central motivating force in individuals. 

________ is a hypothetical state within an organism that propels the organism toward a goal.

In the context of hunger, __________ is the state of being satisfied. 

 In memory theory, the term __________ means to cause information to be lost from short-term memory by adding new information.

__________ are hypothetical states that activate behavior and direct organisms toward goals.