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The nurse is caring for a patient who is being mechanicallly ventilated. What strategies have been shown (Evidence-based practice) to prevent ventilator-accquired pneumonia (VAP)?

The nurse in the intensive care unit receives arterial blood gases (ABG) with a patient who is complaining of being “short of breath.” The ABG has the following values: pH = 7.21, PaCO2 = 64 mm Hg, HCO3 = 24 mm Hg. The labs reflect:

When the ventilator alarm sounds, the nurse finds the patient lying in bed holding the endotracheal tube (ET). The first intervention by the nurse is to

A patient’s ventilator settings were changed as follows: tidal volume was decreased from 500 ml to 450 ml and rate was decreased from 16 breaths to 14 breaths per minute. What ABG change would the nurse anticipate?

A nurse is caring for a patient who has a chest tube connected to a closed drainage system and needs to be transported to the x-ray department. How will the nurse ensure the chest tube drainage systems works properly during transport?

A client who has been hospitalized for treatment of a pneumothorax is ready for discharge. Which outcomes indicate that the client has adequate respiratory function? Select all that apply.

The pilot balloon on the endotracheal tube of a client being mechanically ventilated is deflated. What is the consequence of this situation?

The patient has the following ABG results: pH 7.30, PaO2 50, Co2 45, HcO3 22. What ventilator change would the nurse anticipate?

A nurse is caring for a patient the ER who has sustained five fractured ribs from blunt chest trauma. The patient is rating pain 9 out of 10 on a 0-10 scale. The patient is also experiencing a higher than normal b/p and is very restless due to the intense pain. For which pain management strategy should the nurse advocate for?

Which manifestations in a client receiving oxygen therapy at 60% for more than 24 hours would alert the nurse to the possibility of oxygen toxicity?