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In Pavlov’s experiment, food naturally causes a dog to salivate without any prior learning. Food in this case is the:

Who is credited with coining the term “unconscious” in the 1700s?

ENG 251 Extra Credit: Impromptu Essay Options Select one of the three options and complete your impromptu essay using the topic you have chosen. Your response should consist of 300-350 words. You can format it into one long paragraph or multiple paragraphs. Option 1 Choose an author whose work we read this semester. Pretend that the author lives in modern-day America. What would the author’s life be like? Where would the author be employed and in what specific job? Where would the author choose to live (include city, state, type of residence, and other appropriate details)? To what specific groups and organizations would your author belong (e.g., political affiliation, religious groups/denominations, social clubs, civic organizations, etc.)? Name the specific groups. What books, movies, televisions programs/networks, social media, podcasts, and other entertainment would the author enjoy? What entertainers would the author enjoy? How would the author spend his/her spare time? How would the author spend a typical Saturday night? Provide evidence from what you know about the author’s life and works that supports your imagined activities for the author. Option 2 Choose an author from this semester’s reading list. Choose any well-known song (you can’t use one that hasn’t been released or isn’t well known) from any genre of music and explain why it would be the perfect theme song for the author. The song would need to reflect the author’s personality, connect with the author’s life experiences, and/or feature parallel themes found in the author’s works. Give some general details about the song and artist (pretend the reader isn’t familiar with the song you have chosen). Provide specific details and examples from the song  and from the author’s life and works that clearly connect the author with the music. You might quote a couple of lyrics from the song that you can remember without having to look them up (be sure to put any quoted phrases in quotation marks) and comment on how they apply to the author’s life or give a general overview of the song and its similarities to the author’s experiences and/or works.   Option 3 Most students who take a literature course are not English or writing majors. They are taking the course because they are required to do so. Obviously, the people who make the rules about what is required to earn a college degree find literature a valuable part of students’ educational experiences. Why do you think it is worthwhile for students to read literature? What value does taking a literature course have for non-English majors? Write an essay in which you explore the importance of literature as part of a student’s college experience. You can make this personal and argue why taking a literature course has value in your own college experience. If you don’t see any value in taking a literature course, this is not your topic. Revisit Option 1 or Option 2!

Most Christian humanists

Suppose we apply counting sort to the following array of ten numbers, where the value of the last number is unknown: [4, 0, 0, 3, 0, 0, 3, 2, 0, ?]. The execution of counting sort produces the following counts array and end-position / cumulative-count array (the values of the counts are purposefully omitted). Value 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Count End Pos 5 5 6 8 9 10 10 10 10 10 What is the value of the missing number “?” in the original array being sorted? Hint: try working backwards to solve for the count of each value.

How did the developments of the sixteenth and seventeenth century impact art being created at the time?

While the growth of shared feelings of belonging among peoples of a territory helped forge national monarchies, when that led to claims that an ethnicity or other group of people was superior, it caused national conflicts or rivalries.

Trace through the execution of this program. What value is printed? import java.util.Arrays;import java.util.List;public class stream {  public static void main(String[] args) {    List x = Arrays.asList(1, 2, 3, 4, 5);    long y = x.stream().map(xi -> xi * xi)    .filter(xi -> xi % 2 == 0)    .count();    System.out.println(y);  }}

Which of the following URLs correctly pass the name fido to a web server listening for requests on port 8000 of a virtual machine with the IP address: 35.35.35.35?

What is the cost of a minimum spanning tree of the following graph? You may use either Kruskal’s algorithm or Prim’s algorithm (starting from an arbitrary node).