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A 26-year-old male was brought by ambulance to the ER after having been in an automobile accident. During examination the patient was completely lucid-alert and oriented to person, place, and time. A CT scan showed a large, lens-shaped fluid collection along the inner surface of the left temporal and parietal bones. A fracture of the left temporal bone could also be seen. Some time later, after the CT scan was taken one of the nurses noted that the patient was some what agitated and had a decreased level of consciousness. Further examination revealed that the patient’s left pupil was fixed and dilated and that the right arm and leg were weak with increased reflexes. What is most likely given that the patient’s right arm and leg are weak with increased reflexes and the decreased level of consciousness?

This case applies to this question and the following 2 questions. A patient is brought to the ER because of left arm weakness. On exam, the patient demonstrates: -> left lower facial paresis, but he can wrinkle his brow, -> a right gaze preference (i.e., eyes deviate to right), -> speech is relatively normal. Evaluation of strength reveals: -> moderate weakness of the left arm but normal strength in all other extremities. Additionally, the patient shows: -> diminished fine touch, proprioception, pain and temperature sensitivity for the left arm and face. Pick the most likely site of the lesion from the figure below.

A 22-year-old male is brought to the ER with knife wounds and the following symptoms: -> initial flaccid paralysis of his right arm and leg, -> deficits in proprioception and vibratory sensation on his right side below the level of C6, and -> decreased pain and temperature sensation on his left side below the level of C4. A lesion in what anatomical structure explains the 2 dermatomal difference between the level of fine touch loss and loss of pain and temperature sensation?

A 60-year-old female with a history of myocardial (blood vessels that feed the heart muscles) blockages suddenly develops the following symptoms:  -> She has difficulty smiling on the right side; her right eyelid cannot be closed, and her right brow cannot be raised. -> Facial pain and temperature are lost on the right. -> Taste near the tip of the tongue is diminished on the right. -> Pain and temperature sensation is lost on the left arm and leg. -> She reports dizziness, nausea, impaired balance, and poor coordination on the right. Fine touch and proprioception of the body are normal. Loss of taste on the anterior tongue is due to damage in what area (include laterality)?

A 64-year-old man presents with complaint of double vision. -> On right horizontal gaze, his left eye adducts and the right eye abducts. -> On left horizontal gaze, the left eye abducts normally but the right eye fails to adduct. Which of the following additional neurological tests would best allow you to determine the location of the lesion? 

A 78-year-old man presents with the complaints of: -> double vision and -> weakness of the right arm and leg. You notice that: -> the left pupil is dilated and there is left ptosis (eyelid droop). -> When you shine a light into the left eye, the right pupil constricts but the left remains dilated. You also observe that the left eye is deviated down and outward. There is also right body hemiparesis, hyperreflexia, and Babinski sign is present. Which of the additional following deficits (including laterality) involving the corticobulbar tract, will you see?

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Each student is allowed to make up one exam and one assignment, but this does NOT apply for work and exams assigned after Exam 2. True or false?

A 60-year-old female with a history of myocardial (blood vessels that feed the heart muscles) blockages suddenly develops the following symptoms:-> She has difficulty smiling on the right side; her right eyelid cannot be closed, and her right brow cannot be raised. -> Facial pain and temperature are lost on the right. -> Taste near the tip of the tongue is diminished on the right. -> Pain and temperature sensation is lost on the left arm and leg. -> She reports dizziness, nausea, impaired balance, and poor coordination on the right. Fine touch and proprioception of the body are normal. Given the totality of the symptoms listed so far, the dizziness, nausea, and impaired balance are most likely due to damage in the ____________.

Another name for the MEDIAN of a data set is: