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After completing the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) assessment, a provider determines a patient diagnosed with a stroke should be treated with tPA. The nurse reviews the provider’s orders to be completed before tPA is started. Which order concerns the nurse and requires clarification with the provider?

Case 1 (questions 13-14) Suppose a researcher is interested in studying whether people who have suffered head injuries are more likely to develop epilepsy compared to people who have not suffered head injuries. To study this, the researcher performed a case-control study.   What is the most appropriate measure of association to estimate in the study described in case 1? (max. 2 points) Explain why your chosen measure of association is most appropriate for Case 1 (max. 2 points).

Suppose a team of researchers studied night shift work as a moderator of the effect of sleep quality on metabolic syndrome using a prospective cohort study. The researchers investigated potential effect modification by night shift work by estimating the risk difference and risk ratio separately for people who work night shifts and for people who do not work night shifts. Table 3 shows the results from these analyses.   Table 3. Stratified effect estimates from the hypothetical study on night shift work as an effect modifier of the association between sleep quality and metabolic syndrome.   Estimates for the subsample of people who do work night shifts Estimates for the subsample of people who do not work night shifts Risk difference 0.10 0.05 Risk ratio 1.67 1.50   Is night shift work an effect modifier on the additive scale only, the multiplicative scale only, both the additive and multiplicative scales, or on neither scale? (2 points) Explain why you chose your answer (max. 4 points).

How do opioids function in the body? 

Use the following scenario to answer questions #45 & #46 A patient presents to the emergency department after falling from a tree while hunting. Upon arrival, the nurse completes a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) assessment and observes the patient opens their eyes to painful stimuli. When asked questions, the patient makes moaning sounds, though does not produce discernable speech. The patient does not obey commands; however, when the nurse applies painful pressure to the nail bed, the patient pulls their hand away. 

One unit of packed red blood cells has been ordered for a patient with anemia. The nurse inserts an appropriate size IV catheter and obtains a blood specimen for typing and cross-matching. The nurse receives a call from the blood bank that the unit of blood is ready for administration. Arrange the actions in the most appropriate order from Step 1 (first action) to Step 6 (last action) for administrating the blood product. 

The nurse cares for three patients each diagnosed with a neurodegenerative disorder. Match each nursing diagnosis with the disorder it best applies to. Then match the medication with the disorder it is most likely to be prescribed for. Use each option only once. (NOT ELIGBLE FOR COLLABORATIVE EXAM)  Nursing Diagnoses (use each option only once) Anticipatory grief related to impending loss of life. [disorder1] Risk for infection related to prescribed drug therapy to manage chronic disease. [disorder2] Anxiety related to acute onset of numbness and weakness in bilateral lower extremities. [disorder3]   Medications (use each option only once) Riluzole (Rilutek), a glutamate antagonist to reduce damage to motor neurons. [medication1] Plasmapheresis, best if initiated within the first two weeks of symptom onset. [medication2] Interferon, an immunomodulator to inhibit proinflammatory T-cell activity. [medication3]

Find the greatest common divisor of 12 and 30. 

What percentage of red blood cells with glucose-coated hemoglobin does the A1C test measure? 

The pancreas secretes insulin from clusters of cells called: