David is a successful independent insurance agent. Recently,…

David is a successful independent insurance agent. Recently, one of the life insurance companies with whom he places business offered him a special financial arrangement. If David meets sales targets, he will receive large bonuses. He will also be able to recruit and train sub-agents and receive an over-riding commission based on the amount of life insurance the sub-agents sell. Based on this description, David is a(n)

State X’s premium tax rate is 2 percent. State Y’s premium t…

State X’s premium tax rate is 2 percent. State Y’s premium tax rate is 3 percent. State X insurers are required to pay the 3 percent rate on business written in State Y. State X requires insurers from State Y to pay a 3 percent premium tax on business written in State X, even though the premium tax rate is only 2 percent in State X. This practice is known as a