A 15-year-old is complaining of right ear pain and a feeling…

A 15-year-old is complaining of right ear pain and a feeling of fluid in his right ear for the past 3 days. He feels likes it is getting worse. He says his hearing is slightly decreased in the right ear in comparison to the left. He stated these symptoms started after he came back from a camping trip where he went swimming in a lake several times. Physical exam reveals a left ear that is WNL. His right ear is painful when the auricle is tugged. The ear canal is edematous and erythematous. Whitish exudate is present in the right ear, and due to the amount of exudate, the tympanic membrane was only partially visible. The portion seen was intact and nonerythematous. The most likely cause is: 

A 40 year, Ms. Zack, presents to the emergency room with a f…

A 40 year, Ms. Zack, presents to the emergency room with a feeling that the walls and room are moving around even though she is not moving. Vertigo is confirmed.  The are various causes of vertigo.   Answer the following questions:   1- What are causes of benign positional vertigo and how would you be able to distinguish this cause of vertigo in comparison to other cause of peripheral type vertigo such as vestibular neuritis or Meniere’s disease? (3 points)   2- What are central causes of vertigo and what are clinical findings that would be more likely in central vertigo vs. peripheral vertigo? (2 points)