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Claire thinks that she is frugal and doesn’t like to spend money wastefully. However, last week she went shopping and went over budget by $200. According to the principle of cognitive dissonance, Claire likely experienced an unpleasant state of anxiety after the shopping spree.

Tammy is a tutor. She has designed a system for her students where she rewards them with Buckeye Points whenever they complete an assignment on the time. These points can then be traded in for gift cards and candy. This is an example of classical conditioning.

According to (the) ____________, Alyssa is more likely to wash the dishes again next week if her mother rewards her with a cookie after she finishes doing the dishes today.

Marty is an adolescent boy who frequently breaks curfew and skips school. When Marty becomes an adult, it is likely that he will experience few, if any, long-term consequences of his adolescent behavior and become a law-abiding adult.

Billy’s parents established a new system to encourage Billy to clean his room more frequently. Billy can earn a sticker to place on his sticker chart each time he cleans his room and then he can turn in his stickers for a reward, like candy. In this example, (a/the) ___________ is a primary reinforcer.

Tom is looking for a quick way to improve his ability to focus and working memory. He hears that stimulant drugs like Adderall and Ritalin may help, as they are examples of cognitive enhancers.

Grant knows that BLTs are sandwiches made with bacon, lettuce, and tomato. His knowledge of the ingredients in a BLT is an example of a(n) ____________.

Katerina’s three-year-old son Joey was recently diagnosed with autism. Joey’s psychologist was able to make this diagnosis because he noticed Joey’s significant impairments in ______________.

Victoria and Rachel are two 18-year-old girls from the same neighborhood. Victoria dropped out of high school in the 9th grade while Rachel finished high school and was accepted to a local university. Even though Rachel has had more formal education than Victoria, both women most likely have similar IQs.

Maria suffered a head injury during a car accident. As a result, she cannot transfer new information into long-term memory. The process of memory that was disrupted by her head injury is ________________.