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The therapist is about to establish bilevel NPPV on a patient who has COPD and has a spontaneous respiratory rate of 14 breaths/minute. Which of the following initial ventilator settings are appropriate for this patient? I. Adjust the sensitivity setting to enable pressure triggering. II. Set an IPAP of 12 cm H2O and an EPAP of 6 cm H2O. III. Institute a backup respiratory rate of 16 breaths/minute. IV. Initiate a PPEP of 10 cm H2O.

Which of the following drugs are associated with over hydration of secretions 

A patient is receiving mechanical ventilation at the following settings: Mode: SIMV Mandatory rate: 12 Total rate: 12 FiO2: 0.50 Vt: 750 ml Peak flow: 50 L/min PEEP: 5 cm H2O The following volume-pressure loop is observed. loop image.png Which of the following changes should the therapist recommend?

During mechanical ventilation of a patient with ARDS, the PaO2 = 38 mm Hg and the FIO2 = 0.5. If the desired PaO2 is 50 mm Hg, the FIO2 needs to be changed to which of the following?

What is the significance of the quantitative difference between the IPAP and EPAP settings on a bilevel pressure-limited ventilator?

Mechanical ventilation should be discontinued as quickly as possible:

The RT performs a patient-ventilator system check on a 24-year-old, 5-foot, 10-inch male patient who has been intubated because of a drug overdose. The RT notices what appears to be swelling around the patient’s upper anterior chest and neck area. Palpation elicits a tissue paper feeling. The ventilator settings are: PC-CMV, rate 12/min with no patient assist, Peak 25 cm H2O, PEEP 5 cm H2O, FIO2 0.4, TI 1.2 s. The most appropriate action for the RT to take is which of the following?

Permissive hypercapnia is a strategy in which the _______ value is allowed to go beyond its normal limit and it is used to _______?

The recommended rate for initial vent settings (ARDS) patient:

The therapist feels crepitus around the neck and anterior chest of a patient receiving mechanical ventilation with a high peak inspiratory pressure. Which of the following conditions does the patient likely have?