You have been asked to help a team of researchers design a study to investigate whether psychosocial stress at work causes chronic shoulder pain. From reading a review of shoulder pain you learn that 20% of adults experience chronic shoulder pain.1 Shoulder pain causes substantial morbidity by causing days off work, loss of productivity, and limited ability to complete household tasks. Approximately, 8% of the population will consult with a doctor about shoulder pain in their lifetime. In one study, during 12 months, 15% of participants reported new shoulder pain.2 Occupational factors associated with shoulder pain include repetitive work, poor work-related posture, heavy physical demands, and computer work. High psychosocial stress in the workplace (measured by mental demands, job control, and social support),3 is reported by up to 40% of workers, but the frequency varies dramatically by occupation. While psychosocial workplace stress is associated with several poor health outcomes including cardiovascular disease and smoking, the effect of stress on chronic shoulder pain is unclear. Based on this information, please answer the following questions: Suggest two possible research study designs (e.g., cross-sectional, case-control, cohort, randomized trial, etc.). For each design you listed in number 1, provide two strengths and two limitations of using this design to answer whether psychosocial stress at work causes chronic shoulder pain. In 2-4 paragraphs, describe the details of the study design you suggest to the investigators. Please include: a hypothesis the setting the participants measurement of exposure and outcomes a description of two potential biases and ways to reduce or measure these biases
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A B C D E
Xie He’s Six Canons of Painting was popularly practiced in w…
Xie He’s Six Canons of Painting was popularly practiced in which one of the following dynasties?
Thangka is a rolled up fabric which depicts Buddhist images….
Thangka is a rolled up fabric which depicts Buddhist images. It is used during the time of meditation as a visual aid.
Stele refers to a slab stone which was used for displaying i…
Stele refers to a slab stone which was used for displaying image and/or writing to share information.
Which one of the following dynasties is known for the blue a…
Which one of the following dynasties is known for the blue and white porcelain wares?
From a documentary, China Dynasties of Power, which one of t…
From a documentary, China Dynasties of Power, which one of the following is False?
At the 95% level of confidence, the original model (without…
At the 95% level of confidence, the original model (without the interaction term) is better suited for the data.
Select all that apply. Given: H0:B1=0, H1:B1≠0{“version”:”…
Select all that apply. Given: H0:B1=0, H1:B1≠0{“version”:”1.1″,”math”:”H0:B1=0, H1:B1≠0″} H0:B2=0, H1:B2≠0{“version”:”1.1″,”math”:”H0:B2=0, H1:B2≠0″} H0:B3=0, H1:B3≠0{“version”:”1.1″,”math”:”H0:B3=0, H1:B3≠0″}, at the 99% level of confidence,
Are the signs of the coefficients of the independent variabl…
Are the signs of the coefficients of the independent variables what you would expect for this data? Explain.