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What does negative reinforcement involve?

Avoidance behaviors that can occur at any time are called [freeoperant]. Avoidance behaviors that happen only in the presence of a discriminative stimulus are called [discriminated]. 

What is true about negative reinforcement? [select 4 alternatives] 

What should we do when implementing extinction for a target behavior maintained by negative reinforcement?

Vanessa is a teacher in a kindergarten classroom. Evie typically throws a tantrum everytime another children plays with her favorite toy. Vanessa usually ask the child to give the toy to Evie, so Evie would stop crying. What is the possible relation between Vanessa and Evie behaviors? Vanessa’s behavior as it pertains to Evie crying is maintained by [negativereinforcement] while Evie’s behavior as it pertains to hitting others is maintained by [positivereinforcement]. 

During a behavioral intervention, a therapist removes a loud noise when a child completes a task. What behavior of the child as a result of the removal of the noise would exemplify negative reinforcement?

Who is your favorite economist?

If a 10% increase in the price of a product leads to a 5% decrease in the quantity demanded, the price elasticity of demand is:

The concept in a video of drinking more and more orange juice, but the “utility” or happiness that each glass of OJ brought upon consumption, could easily be referred to as: 

Use this information to answer the following 4 questions: Tommy has a weekly budget of $45, which he likes to spend on bread and circus tickets. The price of a bread loaf is $5 and circus tickets are $15. Based on Tommy’s budget constraint, list his opportunity set if he wants to use his entire budget this week.