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Decide whether or not the set is closed under multiplication: {0, 1}

Determine what is wrong with the following calculation. 

Estimate by rounding each addend to the hundreds place:  

During his first year of college, John incurs the following expenses: $3000 on tuition, $1000 on books, $3600 on food, and $8000 on rent. If John earned $9000 during the year by working part-time, and the rest of the expenses were paid by his parents, how much did his parents pay?

A local television station sent out questionnaires to determine if viewers would rather see a documentary, an interview show, or reruns of a game show. There were 850 responses with the following results:  255 were interested in an interview show and a documentary, but not reruns; 34 were interested in an interview show and reruns but not a documentary; 119 were interested in reruns but not an interview show; 204 were interested in an interview show but not a documentary; 85 were interested in a documentary and reruns; 51 were interested in an interview show and reruns; 68 were interested in none of the three.  How many are interested in exactly one kind of show?

Convert the numeral to our number system.  

Maggie bought 153 plants from the nursery, and she wants to plant 5 rows, each having 32 plants. However, after she starts placing the plants. She finds that she does not have enough.  By how many did she fall short?

The fuel mileage on Ryan’s car is 20 miles per gallon. After filling the tank, which has a capacity of 15 gallons, how far can he go before his car runs out of gas?

Write the numeral in base ten:

On the planet Zurg, they use a dot numeration system. In this system, if [-  –] represents the number 12 and [–  -] represents the number 21, what does [—  —] represent?