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A patient taking metformin (glucophage) 500 mg twice daily and glipizide (Glucotrol) 20 mg twice daily has a glycosylated hemoglobin (A1C) of 9.2%. Respond to questions #44-46 using this data. 

A patient admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) secondary to a viral gastroenteritis infection was weaned off a regular insulin drip 30 minutes ago. The patient now reports a “racing heart,” feels restless, and appears sweaty. Which action should the nurse take first?

Use the following information to answer questions #38-#40. A patient recently diagnosed with Addison’s disease is learning about management of the disorder. At their last clinic visit, the patient received education on nutritional therapy for Addison’s disease and was prescribed medication to take at home as part of their treatment plan. Answer the next three questions related to the care of this patient. 

A patient admitted to the medical-surgical unit is prescribed a penicillin antibiotic to be administered intravenously to treat an infection. Shortly after beginning the infusion, the patient’s family member calls the nurse and says, “Something isn’t right, come in here right away.” Immediately on assessment, the nurse observes the patient has developed a rash over the trunk and back. The patient reports shortness of breath that is worsening, nausea, and dizziness. Blood pressure is 72/42 mmHg, heart rate is 132 bpm, respiratory rate and 32 and labored. Lung sounds are decreased with bilateral expiratory wheezing. The provider writes several orders to be implemented emergently.  Select the most likely options from the missing information below to complete the statements. The nurse understands the patient has developed [diagnosis]. The underlying pathology causing the patient’s presenting clinical manifestations is [pathology].  The nurse understands the highest initial priority of care for this patient is to [priority].  The nurse reviews the provider orders and administers [medication] first.  The nurse’s next priority is to administer [medication2].

What is one potential risk associated with opioid medications? 

What compound, found in some fruits and juices, can help flush out calcium-based stones? 

The nurse is teaching a patient diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes how to visualize portion sizes using the “9-inch plate method”. Using the diagram below, identify appropriate meal choices for each part of the diagram (A-E).  I am looking for specific food choices including how food is prepared, if appropriate, and portion sizes; not categories of foods. For example, 1/3 cup steamed brown rice, not “a carbohydrate.” This should reflect a well-balanced meal (hint: think back to nutrition).  In the exam text box, list your responses for each letter of the figure beginning with letter A and ending with E.    Answers A = B = C = D = F =       

What does an elevated A1C level indicate? 

Insulin resistance is commonly associated with: 

Which of the following is a nonsurgical treatment for kidney stones?