When adapted appropriately, thin ultrasonic tips provide exc…

When adapted appropriately, thin ultrasonic tips provide excellent opportunities for access to root concavities and furcations areas.  The fluid lavage produced by ultrasonic instruments will disrupt unattached subgingival bacterial biofilm from the sulcus of pocket space. 

Martha is unable to remove calculus deposits from the maxill…

Martha is unable to remove calculus deposits from the maxillary right posterior sextant. The medium-size deposits are located 3 mm beneath the gingival margin and Martha is using her universal curet.  She is beginning to wonder if the cutting edges on the universal curet are dull.  How can she evaluate the sharpness of the instrument?