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Suppose that a team of researchers developed the following research question: Are American adults who undergo a mindfulness intervention at lower risk of depression after 6 months compared to American adults who were in the control group?   What are the two average potential outcomes (i.e., E[Y(x)] and E[Y(x*)]) that can be defined based on this research question? (max. 4 points per average potential outcome)  

According to research, is there typically an overall dominant side of the brain? 

Match the terms with the correct definitions/descriptions. 

Build a term that means incision into the eardrum. 

Suppose a team of researchers performs a case-control study on the effect of childhood adversity on psoriasis (a skin condition characterized by scaly patches of skin). Cases are individuals with psoriasis and controls are individuals without psoriasis. Stress was measured in interviews by asking individuals about any adverse events experienced during childhood. During the interviews, the interviewer tended to ask more clarifying questions to individuals with psoriasis compared to individuals without psoriasis.   What source of measurement error is described in the case above? Pick one (1) source (2 points) and clarify why you chose this source (max. 2 points). Note: if you write down multiple sources, only the first one will be graded.

Build a term that means inflammation of a joint. 

Which of the following is an ethical way to use illustrations? 

Suppose a team of researchers studied the association between a low-fiber diet and the 5-year risk of colorectal cancer among residents of Hillsborough County aged 50 and older using a prospective cohort study. The researchers sampled 2.5% of all Hillsborough County residents with a low-fiber diet and 3% of all Hillsborough County residents without a low-fiber diet. When it comes to colorectal cancer status, the researchers sampled 2% of all Hillsborough County residents with colorectal cancer and 4% of all Hillsborough County residents without colorectal cancer.   Based on the information presented above, will there be selection bias in the estimate of the effect of low-fiber diet on colorectal cancer (yes/no)? (2 points) Explain why you chose your answer (max. 6 points).

What is a code of conduct? 

Build a term that means an instrument used to examine the eye.