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Factors contributing to antimicrobial resistance include the following, except: (1)Increased consumption of antimicrobial drugs, both by humans and animalsImproper prescribing of antimicrobial therapyOveruse of common antimicrobials agents by healthcare providersAppropriate use of all antimicrobials to improve patient outcomeSuboptimal adherence to antimicrobial treatment

A 35 year old major depressive disorder (MDD) patient started on sertraline 2 weeks ago presents with restlessness, nausea, headaches and anorexia. His initial MDD symptoms persist. The reasons for this patient’s clinical picture include: (1)Sertraline is not the first line treatment for MDDIt is too early to expect improvement in the patient’s MDD symptomsThe treatment is incorrect and should therefore be changedThe restlessness, nausea, headaches and anorexia certainly represent MDD symptomsSertraline should be substituted with diazepam

All of the following are examples of key forces in modern global culture EXCEPT

The U.S. baby boom of the late 1940s and 1950s

Sildenafil is indicated for: (1)1.    Overactive bladder syndrome2.    Erectile dysfunction3.    Severe ischaemic heart disease4.    Maintenance of a patent ductus arteriosus5.    Priapism

Concomitant use of the following drug with sildenafil is potentially fatal: (1)1.    Lamivudine2.    Lidocaine3.    Isosorbide mononitrate4.    Omeprazole 5.    Tenofovir

The medical treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD) routinely includes: (1)Oral prednisoneTopical emollientsParenteral prednisoloneTopical tacrolimusSystemic tacrolimus

Resistance to emtricitabine occurs by the following mechanism: (1)1.   Mutations in the plasmodial cytochrome b gene2.   Mutations on the mycobacteria catalase-peroxidase enzyme3.   Mutations in the viral neuraminidase enzyme 4.   Mutations on the viral reverse transcriptase enzyme5.   Mutations in the fungal glucan synthase enzyme

A human clinical trial is defined as: (1)1. An idea which is suggested as a possible explanation for a particular situation in humans, but which has not yet been proved to be correct2. A study performed to investigate the safety or efficacy of a medicine in humans3. The practice of monitoring the safety of a medicine in humans after it has been released on the market4. The evaluation of the likelihood that a medicine was the causative agent of an observed adverse drug reaction in humans5. A detailed record of all relevant data associated with the use of a medicine in a patient

Adverse effects of linezolid include the following: (1)1.    It is deposited in growing bones and may cause growth retardation2.    Metallic taste with prolonged use3.    It is associated with ototoxicity4.    It may be deposited in growing teeth to cause permanent discoloration5.    It is associated with a reduction in bone mineral density