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When Sally ducked to avoid being hit by a snowball, she reacted quickly because information about that situation was relayed rapidly through the neurons in her brain. A fatty substance that covers axons, called (the) _____________, helps to speed up her neurons’ action potentials.

After completing an experiment for REP credit, the experimenter gave Dave a piece of paper the explained the purpose of the study and what the major hypotheses were. This process is called _________.

Kasparov, a former world chess champion, engages in a routine of touching all his pieces before he makes the first move. Kasparov won 80 out of 100 games when he did the routine and won only 10 out of 100 games when he did not. The touching routine _____________.

Josh is paralyzed from the waist down and has to use a wheelchair. Even though he is confined to a wheelchair, he has always been good at basketball and tries to join a basketball league. The league owners don’t think he’ll be very good at basketball because he is in a wheelchair, and decide that he shouldn’t be allowed to join. The league owners’ refusal to let Josh participate on a team is an example of ________________.

Tommy listens to his music very loudly while his friend Peter prefers to listen to his music at a much lower volume. Tommy only needs to turn up Peter’s radio one or two notches to hear a difference, but when Tommy is listening to his loud music, he realizes that he needs to turn it up twice as much to notice a difference. This is a demonstration of ___________.

David’s identical twin brother Anthony is homosexual. Because they share the same genetic makeup, there is an increased, although not guaranteed, likelihood that David is homosexual as well.

Sometimes Jen loses control and eats huge quantities of food. She then feels guilty for overeating and goes to extreme measures, such as exercising for hours at a time to avoid gaining weight. Jen is most likely suffering from ___________.

The fovea has numerous rods which makes vision in the fovea sharp and clear under low light conditions

Professor Volkow noticed that John skipped class on Friday. Professor Volkow usually has a well-attended class and thinks that John likely skips other professors’ classes. Professor Volkow will likely make a dispositional attribution about John, assuming that he skipped class because he is lazy, rather than attributing John’s behavior to situational factors.

Timmy is in his history class, but thoughts about his chemistry midterm keep popping into his mind. Because the thought of his midterm makes him anxious, Timmy consciously avoids thinking about chemistry. Timmy is using __________ to change his conscious state of mind.