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Sheldon has learned that birds are animals that can fly. As a result, the first time he sees a bat he calls it a “bird”. This is an example of the Piagetian process of _____________, whereby children apply into their current knowledge structures to new situations.

The preparedness theory suggests that _____________________.

Emma classically conditioned her friend Alexis to shiver whenever she hears a certain song. After Alexis went to college, she stopped shivering when she heard the song. Several years later, she found herself shivering in response to the song again, suggesting that she experienced _________________.

Dave conducts an analysis designed to test whether the strong correlation observed between the number of churches and the number of bars in a city could be explained by a third variable: the population of the city. He decides to use the matched pairs technique to analyze data from four cities. To do this, Dave ______________.

Ada the ape is learning how to open a locked box by watching another ape open the box. While Ada is watching her mirror neurons are active and these are the same neurons that will be active when Ada herself opens the box.

Dr. Zin is testing a new drug that helps people sleep better because the drug acts as a melatonin agonist. This means the drug ______________.

Harry frequently visits a clinic to receive injections of his allergy medication which has the side effect of increasing his heart rate. The injections are administered in an exam room with blue walls. Harry notices that after several occasions of getting his injections, his heart rate increases as a result of simply being in any room that has blue walls. The increase in heart rate associated with blue walls is an example of a(n) ___________.

Recently, Lauren has noticed a marked decrease in her mood during the winter months that improves in the spring and summer as she gets more access to sunlight. To combat her depressive symptoms during the winter months, she would likely benefit from __________.

Henry suffers from depression and finds little joy in his everyday activities. His doctor tells him that his brain does not respond well to reward and that he may benefit from a medication that increases the activity of ______________, a neurotransmitter that plays a key role in reward.

Fred recently joined an intramural baseball team. During his first game, a teammate hit a home run. Because Fred often watches baseball on T.V., he knows that players usually congratulate each other by slapping one another’s butts. When Fred’s teammate returned to the dugout, Fred slapped him on the butt. The concept of (the) _____________ best explains why Fred slapped the teammate’s butt.