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The two main avenues for civil litigation against police officers are state tort law and the Fifth Amendment. True or false?      

Full-time professional policing, as it is generally known today, began in the early 1900s in New York City.     

Which of the following is not a property crime?

The two types of state tort claims are negligence torts and intentional torts. True or false?         

Crime can be graded into categories, which is not a category of crime?

Which of these is not one of the four types of police deviance identified by Kappeler, Sluder and Alpert in Forces of Deviance: Understanding the Dark Side of Policing?     

When looking for evidence, which of these can police search without being bound by the 4th Amendment?

Female arrest rates are considerably higher than male arrest rates. 

INTERPOL is the oldest, best-known, and probably only truly international crime-fighting organization.        

The ________________ mandates that evidence obtained in violation of the U.S. Constitution cannot be admitted in a criminal trial to prove guilt.