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Use the following patient vignette to answer questions 27 and 28. The patient returns to your office 8 weeks later for repeat evaluation.  She has lost 8 lbs through a combination of exercise (walking 20 minutes three times per week) and diet.  Laboratory tests show a detectable improvement across the board.  Chest x-ray, ECG and urinalysis are normal.  Her blood pressure in the office averages 140/90 mmHg, with 78 bpm pulse. 28. Which of the following treatments is the next best step in managing this patient’s hypertension?

2. In a patient with congestive heart failure, which of the following is the most common type of potentially reversible acute kidney injury?

Hazel Markus uses the term ____ selves to refer to one’s conceptions about the kind of person one might become in the future.

Which of the following types of endocytosis rely on the rearrangement of the actin cytoskeleton? Select all that apply. 

Because Suzanne has always felt an unconscious rivalry with her mother, she is hostile to her therapist who is just a little younger than her mother and a female. Suzanne’s behavior is most likely a form of

Corals and algae are known to have a mutualistic relationship. What is an example of the contributions they make to each other?   The corals provide [1] to the Symbiodinium.   The Symbiodinium provides [2] to the corals.  

BONUS QUESTION Autoregulation allows the kidneys to maintain steady blood flow and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) necessary to eliminate waste. There are two internal autoregulatory mechanisms that operate without outside influence: the myogenic response and the tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism. What mechanism(s) does the arteriolar myogenic mechanism use to maintain a steady blood flow? Smooth Muscle Relaxation when blood pressure increases Smooth Muscle Relaxation when blood pressure decreases Smooth Muscle Contraction when blood pressure increases Smooth Muscle Contraction when blood pressure decreases

You are assessing a 58-year-old woman with hyaline urinary casts, fractional excretion of Na+ (FENa) of 0.6% and BUN:Cr ratio of 28:1. Past medical history is remarkable for kidney stones, which needed to be removed by lithotripsy. She is currently taking ibuprofen to alleviate arthritis pain in her hands, and omeprazole for gastric reflux. 21. What is the cause of this patient’s acute kidney injury?

A 54-year-old man presents to his primary care provider for an annual wellness examination. He takes NSAIDS as needed for a recent knee replacement. Vital signs and physical examination are within normal limits, with the exception of trace edema in the lower extremities.  Laboratory studies are significant for serum creatinine of 2.4 mg/dl, and urinalysis reveals albuminuria of 101 mg/g. Estimated GFR is 52 mL/min/1.73 m2. At two previous visits, serum creatinine was < 2.0 mg/dl. 16. Which of the following is the most likely stage of the disease?

32. Which of the following parameters best characterizes overt diabetic nephropathy?