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The Egyptian economy suffers from several structural problems: inefficiency and competitiveness; the military has huge political influence also retains financial and economic assets; crony capitalism; and popular demands for economic justice and new opportunities run counter to government accession to neoliberal policies.

An illegal act, or failure to act when legally required is known as: 

What is the primary characteristic of an ex post facto law?

The system of law enforcement, adjudication, and correction that is directly involved in the apprehension, prosecution, and control of those charged with criminal offenses. This is known as: 

Crimes that are mala in se are inherently immoral or wrong, regardless of whether they are prohibited by law.

Which of the following is NOT a primary focus of criminologists?

The conflict view of crime suggests that criminal behavior is a result of social and economic inequalities rather than individual moral failings.

Which of the following is NOT a primary goal of the criminal justice system?

According to social learning theory, criminal behavior is primarily learned through observation and imitation of others.

A guilty mind, the intent to commit a criminal act is known as: