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A 35-year-old female patient is seen in the clinic complaining of abdominal pain. Which of the following should be included in the examination?  

A 77 y/o female with a past medical history of hypertension, diabetes and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction presents to your clinic for routine follow up. The patient mentions that she has been experiencing intermittent episodes of palpitations for the past several months that resolve spontaneously in a few minutes. An EKG is obtained demonstrating atrial fibrillation with a rate of 88 beats per minute with a CHA2DS2-VASc score of 2.  What is the appropriate next step in regard to the prevention of embolic stroke in this patient?

What is the difference between white matter and gray matter?

Which best represents an action potential?

You are given an unknown alien axon for research with somewhat similar action potential mechanism as mammalian neurons. You have found the following concentration of ions: Na+ inside = 40 Mm Na+ outside = 400 Mm Threshold= -20 mV Resting Membrane Potential -40 mV If an action potential is generated with these ionic concentrations, what phase of action potential the axon is currently in when the voltmeter reads -70 and there is only an outward current reading ?

If you wish to study the effect of adding more acetylcholine to its receptor and its effect on sodium ion flow, which of the following patch clamp techniques is the most effective?

A Mammalian Neuron received a stimuli that depolarizes the neuron at -60. when it reached -40, the neuron started to repolarize. What kind of currents can we see during this phenomena?

Axons can transmit outgoing messages along its membrane via:

The figure below is the topology of an ion channel that is mostly associated with____?

The most abundant neurons  in our body are