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A Romantic composer who is important in the development of the lied. He composed over 600 songs or lieder, including his most famous – Erlkonig.

This art form employs expression through dance.  The program follows a dramatic plot that is accompanied by orchestral music.

The name given to a single melody which is transformed to mirror programmatic elements within each movement of Hector Berlioz’s program symphony, Symphony Fantastique.

This famous aria in strophic form is from the Opera “Rigoletto.” The lyrics speak of the fickleness of women. It is a good example of the Bel Canto style.

A song which uses different music each stanza or verse of poetry is said to be in this form

This U. S. President emerged as a heroic president who preserved the Union despite the deep differences the raging conflict of the 19th  century. 

He proved that microorganisms cause fermentation and disease. He showed that microbes can be killed by chemical and physical means and that the spread of disease can be controlled.

This term means “beautiful song” or “beautiful singing” and refers to operatic music that is created to show off the best qualities of the voice.

A melody that is associated with an operatic character’s emotion, branding the melody in the ears of the audience with a character or emotion. Richard Wagner was able to tell aspects of the story in his music dramas without the use of dialogue, employing purely musical devices and speeding the story along or adding insight to the character’s mental state.

A style of painting in which color is applied to the canvas in dashes and dots and is not blended on the palette.