4. The readings for class 3 explored the effect of expectati…

4. The readings for class 3 explored the effect of expectations on employees’ performance, as well as the effect of expectations on evaluations of employees’ performance. What is the psychological phenomenon by which positive expectations can improve actual performance in the workplace? What is the psychological phenomenon by which negative expectations can harm actual performance in the workplace? What is the psychological phenomenon by which expectations can influence evaluation of performance (either positively or negatively) without influencing actual performance?

11. UChicago has recently opened a new master in management…

11. UChicago has recently opened a new master in management degree program. Assume UChicago sends the following letters to college graduates: “Dear [Name], You’ve already achieved so much in your career, investing countless hours and significant effort to reach your current level. By enrolling in our master in management program, you’ll be safeguarding all the hard work you’ve already put into your career. Enrolling in this program is a critical step to ensure that your previous investments continue to pay dividends. Don’t let your past achievements plateau. Sign up for the master in management program.” What is the name of the psychological effect underlying this influence tactic and how does it work?