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Discuss the requirements for punishment to be effective as well as the dangers and limitations of using punishment to change behavior. Also, describe the role that avoidance training plays in using punishment to change behavior.

Summarize the research on autobiographical memory and flashbulb memories. How accurate are these memories, who is most likely to have memories of early life experiences, and what kinds of early memories are people most likely to have?

Describe the functions of the spinal cord and explain how it works with the brain to sense events and act on them.

Describe the physical and psychological effects of stimulants such as amphetamines and the problems associated with their use.

Describe the location and functioning of the medulla, cerebellum, thalamus, hypothalamus, and cerebral cortex.

Define “childhood amnesia” and describe the factors that may contribute to childhood amnesia.

Summarize research findings about left-handedness and its causes.

Explain what the serial position effect, the primacy effect, and the recency effect are.

Describe the physical and psychological effects of cocaine and the problems associated with its use.

Discuss the uses of hypnosis. Also, describe the difficulties researchers have encountered in attempting to study the hypnotic state. Finally, how do people differ in their susceptibility and reactions to hypnosis?