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Item to analyze:    The effects of the Civil War and Reconstruction            a. were almost solely economic            b. have continued even to our day            c. were solved with the passage of the 13th and 14th Amendments            d. brought the North and South together economically and politically

Which of the following sayings is commonly used to express cultural relativism?

Calculate the item’s discriminating power. D=

According to Kant, which of the following characteristics of human persons is most important for ethics?

Virtue ethics is a more personal ethical theory. Instead of asking “what ought I to do,” it asks ___________?”

These instructions apply to questions 48–52. Instructions:  An item analysis yields the following results for a multiple-choice item (alternative A is the correct answer). The chart below shows the number of students in the upper and lower scoring groups on the total test choosing each alternative.   Item Analysis Alternative A* (Correct) B C D Omit Total Upper Group 3 1 6 0 0 10 Middle Group 2 0 2 1 0 5 Lower Group 4 1 3 1 1 10  

According to Severson, what is humanity’s greatest asset, vice, and the road that leads toward justice and hospitality?

According to utilitarianism ____________ is an intrinsic good?

A prerequisite skill that is most likely to lessen the validity of scores obtained from many context-dependent (interpretive) exercises is the students’ ________.

Questions 77-79 pertain to the matching item below. The matching item shown below was designed to assess the indicated learning objective: Learning Objective: Classifies examples and non-examples based on the test purposes. Matching Item to Analyze: _________ Identify the learning difficulties of students so they might be remediated. _________ Not an objective test. Authentic or alternative assessments. _________ Determine student ability before beginning instruction. _________ Assess learning achievement at the end of instruction in order to assign grades. A. Placement B. Summative C. Formative D. Performance   Consider the objective/item pairing above. Then answer the two questions that follow.