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A patient with renal artery stenosis has elevated blood pressure. How does renal artery stenosis lead to RAAS activation? 

A pregnant woman with a history of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is concerned about her risk during pregnancy.  How does pregnancy affect her risk of thromboembolic events? 

Which of the following is NOT a function of the normal gut flora? 

A patient is prescribed a hydrophobic hormone for treatment.  How does this hormone typically function within the body?

A patient with peptic ulcer disease is prescribed a medication that inhibits histamine receptors on parietal cells. Which of the following effects is expected? 

A patient with refractory hypertension is diagnosed with a pheochromocytoma. What is the underlying cause of hypertension in this condition?

A pregnant woman with diabetes is experiencing difficulty managing her blood glucose levels. How does pregnancy-related metabolic changes affect her condition? 

What impact would impaired proximal tubule function have on kidney processing? 

A patient experiences a stressful event, leading to sympathetic nervous system activation. How does sympathetic nervous system stimulation affect insulin secretion? 

A patient with a known history of Crohn disease presents with diarrhea and visible blood in the stool. What is the most likely cause of the bleeding?