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A patient develops catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI). Which of the following nursing interventions is most effective in preventing future CAUTIs? 

A 68-year-old patient is brought to the emergency department by family members due to sudden onset of right-sided weakness and difficulty speaking. The most likely cause of this patient’s symptoms is [A] [obstruction/rupture] of a [B] [cerebral artery/cerebral vein], leading to [C] [ischemia/hemorrhage] in the affected brain tissue.

A 25-year-old patient presents with a severe headache, photophobia, and neck stiffness. They report a fever and confusion over the past 24 hours.   Which of the following is the most critical nursing intervention for this patient?

In multiple sclerosis, the primary pathological process involves [A] [demyelination/remyelination] of nerve fibers, leading to [B] [increased/decreased] nerve conduction velocity and [C] [improved/impaired] neurological function.

A 55-year-old patient with a history of alcohol abuse presents with hematemesis, melena, and signs of shock. Which of the following is the most appropriate long-term management strategy to prevent recurrent bleeding in this patient?  

Match the following neurological disorders with their primary pathophysiological mechanisms:

A 45-year-old patient presents with severe abdominal pain radiating to the back, nausea, and vomiting. Lab results show elevated lipase and amylase levels. Which of the following complications should the nurse monitor for in this patient? Select all that apply. 

Case Study 1 (1-5) A 45-year-old patient presents with unexplained weight gain, fatigue, and cold intolerance. Lab results show elevated TSH and low T4 levels. Based on the patient’s symptoms and lab results, which of the following is the most likely diagnosis? 

A 45-year-old patient presents with unexplained weight gain, fatigue, and cold intolerance. Lab results show elevated TSH and low T4 levels.   Complete the following statement by selecting the correct options: The [A] [elevate/decrease] TSH level indicates that the [B] [hypothalamus/pituitary gland/thyroid gland] is attempting to [C] [stimulate/suppress] thyroid hormone production in response to [D] [high/low] circulating thyroid hormone levels.

A 55-year-old patient with a history of alcohol abuse presents with hematemesis, melena, and signs of shock. Which of the following is the most likely source of bleeding in this patient?