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Short Answer D.  (4 pts) In addition to summarizing the laws of segregation and independent assortment, we also looked how phases of meiosis can explain why these laws occur.  What phase(s) of meiosis are responsible for these laws and explain how what is happening mechanistically in that stage is the basis for each law?

Changes in eukaryotic chromatin structure

Week 8: Gene Regulation

You’ve transformed Agrobacterium tumefaciens with a modified Ti plasmid.  Within the T-DNA boundaries, the plasmid carries no gall-inducing genes but DOES contain a general plant promoter upstream of a gene of interest that you’d like to transfer to the plant.  What would you expect to happen if these engineered Agrobacteria were placed on a plant at the site of a wound? 

The presence of ____ in an E. coli cell induces CAP at the CAP binding site and activates transcription of the lac operon resulting in _____ of lacZ expression.

Complete the table using you knowledge of transcription, translation, and the codon table below. For each blank typ three capital letters. Codon 1 Codon 2 Codon 3 DNA-Non-template Strand (5′-3′) ATG CAG TAC DNA-Template Strand (3′-5′) [blank1] [blank5] [blank9] mRNA (5′-3′) [blank2] [blank6] [blank10] tRNA (3′-5′) [blank3] [blank7] [blank11] Amino Acid (3-letter) [blank4] [blank8] [blank12]      

Short Answer A. (5 pts) Many people say that sexual reproduction is beneficial because it produces variation.  Based on our conversation in class, explain why it is more nuanced than that.  When is creating variation through sexual reproduction beneficial,  when is it costly, and why?

cDNAs are often considered desirable for molecular biologists because cDNAs match the primary transcript AND. . .

Which is a required component (i.e. more than a helpful feature) of plasmids we use to carry a gene within a bacterial cell for the purpose of cloning it?

The synthesis of a polypeptide occurs primarily during which stage of translation?