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Compilers, like programmers, can introduce inefficiencies while translating source language into IR. As a result, the compiler’s optimizer is very important in removing these inefficiencies. Give two examples of inefficiencies you would expect an optimizer to improve. Give two examples of inefficiencies you would expect an optimizer to miss, even though they can be improved. Explain why an optimizer would have difficulty improving them. (8 pts)

Consider the following algorithm to perform liveness analysis: Perform a postorder traversal of the control flow graph When visiting each basic block B: Iterate backward through the instructions of B Calculate LiveOut and LiveIn using the data-flow equations (Def and Use) for each instruction Is this algorithm correct? Briefly explain why or why not. (5 pts)

Consider the language of strings accepted by the regular expression (ac)+ | (ad)+.  Write an LL(1) grammar for this language.   {a, c, d} are terminal symbols.   State the start symbol.  Write grammar rules in BNF format, e.g.  ->  c | Compute First and Follow sets for each non-terminal symbol.  Write the sets as e.g. First(non-terminal) = { a, b, c }  Compute the parse table for the grammar.  Write parse table entries as e.g. P[non-terminal, a] = -> c  Briefly explain why the grammar is LL(1).  (16 pts)

Is every finite set of strings a regular language? Briefly explain why or why not. (5 pts)

For each of the following scenarios, give an IR example of a basic block where local value numbering and associated optimizations enable the specified improvement to code performance. Show both the original (unoptimized) and final (optimized) versions of the IR.  Local value numbering and associated optimizations allow CISC instruction(s) to be selected. Local value numbering and associated optimizations reduce the live range of a variable. (10 pts)

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Math 2412 Exam 01

Math 2412 Quiz 02

The password for your online exam is: RockThe link for the online exam is in the Step 1 folder and you should have opened it in a new tab before you begin this test.Instructions:Before you begin your exam, hold up all sheets of paper you will be using to the camera to show that there is nothing written on it. If your instructor allows the use of formula sheets or a handheld calculator, please hold these up to the camera as well.Enter the password found above into the online exam tab open in Step 1 and complete the exam. Once completed, hold up each completed sheet of paper to the camera.Answer the Yes/No question below and proceed to the next question.DO NOT SUBMIT OR CLOSE YOUR TEST before answering all the questions.Question:I have completed and submitted my online exam and I have held up all my sheets of paper (front and back) to record an image of them on the camera.

What is the Lower Confidence Limit (report your answer to two decimal places)?