A man is helping his son memorize a poem for class. The son…

A man is helping his son memorize a poem for class. The son must first correctly recite the first line from memory in order to receive his father’s praise. Once the son can recite the first line without error, the father tells him to add on the next line of the poem. This process continues until the son can recite the entire poem by heart. This is an example of

Mavis has been working with a child to shape his handwriting…

Mavis has been working with a child to shape his handwriting. When Mavis started working with the child, he could hold his pencil and write the letters of his name, but the marks were so faint that one could hardly see them. Over time, Mavis taught the boy to press his pencil hard enough so people could easily see the marks he had made. The shaping procedure Mavis used is an example of shaping across a response topography.