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The cat Phillipa has become anxious. She has lost weight, and she is restless and sleepless. You are a veterinarian specializing in endocrinology. Your first determine that Phillipa has high thyroid hormone levels in her blood. Your next step is to determine whether the problem lies at the level of her hypothalamus, anterior pituitary, or thyroid gland.  Question: You discover an endocrine tumor in Phillipa’s anterior pituitary. If this tumor is causing her symptoms, which hormone levels do you expect to find in her blood, compared to in a healthy cat? (Thyrotropin-releasing hormone = TRH, thyroid-stimulating hormone = TSH). There is 1 correct answer.

You are conducting research on a muscle-wasting disease in cats, and you need to know how a potential drug molecule (let’s call it X) enters the muscle. Is it simple diffusion through the lipid bilayer, protein-mediated diffusion, or some sort of active transport? Suppose that you can culture cat muscle cells in a petri dish, add X to the bathing saline, and measure the concentration of X inside the muscle after various periods of time. Question: If X is taken up by simple diffusion through the lipid bilayer, how will the rate of drug X entry into the cells depend on its concentration gradient ? Choose the 1 correct answer

The muscle tissue that can be consciously controlled is:

The hardness of a nail comes from:

Bone cells form concentric circles around longitudinal tubes called:

The subcutaneous layer consists of:

Reminder: Drug X is transported across the small intestine. Here is a table showing transport rates of drug X under different conditions. pH Oxygen present? Concentration of Na+ on the luminal side Concentration gradient for drug X across the intestinal epithelia Transport rate of drug X 7 Yes 100 0 0 7 Yes 100 1 5 7 Yes 100 5 15 7 Yes 100 10 15 7 Yes 0 1 15 7 No 100 1 2 5 Yes 100 1 3 Based on the table above, we can start to understand the factors that influence the transport of drug X across the membrane.  True or False: The transport of Drug X across the membrane requires sodium (is sodium-dependent).

A general characteristic of connective tissue is that it:

As I discuss in my Lecture this week:What is the ethical concept of Personhood, and why do I argue that it is the “critical issue” within the abortion controversy?In which other ethical issues is Personhood an important issue?What are some of the criteria (definitions) that reasonable people disagree about in deciding when “Personhood” begins? Which of these seems most convincing to you? Why?Summarize two abortion arguments (one opposing abortion, one supporting it) in which differing views on Personhood is a key part of the argument.*** Remember that copying/pasting from any course materials (other than your own words in the Prep Guide), the internet, or using generative AI like ChatGPT to help “write” or “proofread” or “improve” your answer violates my Academic Integrity policy. Note that generative AI is now incorporated into many popular writing and translating platforms (e.g. Grammarly, Quillbot, Google Translate, DeepL, etc.), so if you’re using those platforms, you’re using generative AI in violation of my policy. USE YOUR OWN WORDS or, if you are unable to do that, properly quote/informally cite them as I discuss in the Academic Integrity section of the Syllabus ***  

Consider the ethical dilemma below (from pages 136-37). Compare and contrast how Kant’s ethics and Natural Law Theory would likely evaluate the researcher’s actions.*** Remember that copying/pasting from any course materials (other than your own words in the Prep Guide), the internet, or using generative AI like ChatGPT to help “write” or “proofread” or “improve” your answer violates my Academic Integrity policy. Note that generative AI is now incorporated into many popular writing and translating platforms (e.g. Grammarly, Quillbot, Google Translate, DeepL, etc.), so if you’re using those platforms, you’re using generative AI in violation of my policy. USE YOUR OWN WORDS or, if you are unable to do that, properly quote/informally cite them as I discuss in the Academic Integrity section of the Syllabus ***  —–A researcher is conducting an experiment using one hundred adult subjects, hoping to finally discover a cure for liver cancer. Conducting this one last study is the only way to identify the substance that can cure the disease and save the lives of countless people. However, the experiment causes long-lasting, horrible pain in the subjects, and they will not be able to benefit in any way from the study’s success. The researcher would ordinarily never be able to enlist any subjects for the study because of these two facts, so to ensure the cooperation of the subjects, he lies to them: he says that being a part of the study will be painless and that it will increase their life span. The study is completed, the cure is found, and the subjects spend the next year in agony.