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A PTA is treating a patient who is status post a TKR (total knee replacement) 2 days ago. The patient presents with general pain and swelling around the knee. The PT’s goals include decreasing the patient’s pain and swelling. Considering the goals set, which of the following modalities would be most appropriate for this patient?

Which of the following heat transfer mechanisms occurs with fluidotherapy?

A patient is being treated for an acute ankle sprain. When selecting a modality which of the following would NOT be a beneficial response?

Which of the following physiological responses is an advantage of using heat rather than cold for patient interventions?

A patient who had a wrist fracture 6 weeks ago has been referred to physical therapy to work on wrist mobility. Which of the following modalities would be BEST for this individual?

Which of the following is an abnormal response to the application of cold?

Phonophoresis is a treatment method using soundwaves to introduce anti-inflammatory medication such as Dexamethasone into an area with pain caused by inflammation.  

Which of the following temperature ranges is most appropriate when using fluidotherapy?

Prior to applying a cryotherapy intervention to a person to address a localized tendonitis, following therapeutic exercise, you check for the presence of contraindications. After doing so, you explain to the person the expected stages of perception experienced during a cryotherapy intervention. Which of the following sequences provides the correct order for the stages of cold?

When therapeutic ultrasound waves pass through human tissue, the sound waves change from mechanical to thermal energy. This event describes which of the following therapeutic means of heat exchange?