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The intensive care unit nurse is caring for a client who experienced trauma in a workplace accident. The client is reporting dyspnea because of abdominal pain. An arterial blood gas test reveals the following results: pH 7.28, PaCO2 50 mm Hg, HCO3– 20 mEq/L. The nurse should recognize the likelihood of which acid–base disorder(s)?

The nurse caring for a 79-year-old patient who has just returned to the medical–surgical unit following surgery for a total knee replacement received report from the PACU. Part of the report had been passed on from the preoperative assessment where it was noted that the patient has been agitated in the past following opioid administration. What principle(s) should guide the nurse’s management of the patient’s pain? Select all that apply.

A 52-year-old patient is receiving care on the oncology unit for breast cancer that has metastasized to the lungs and liver. When addressing the patient’s pain in the plan of nursing care, the nurse should consider what characteristic of cancer pain?

A gerontologic nurse is teaching students about the high incidence and prevalence of dehydration in older adults. Which factors contribute to this phenomenon? Select all that apply.

The nurse assesses the pain of a patient with cholelithiasis. The patient is tearful, hesitant to move, grimacing, and rates pain as a 2 at this time using a 0-to-10 pain scale. Which is the best action by the nurse in response to this assessment finding? 

An emergency department nurse is caring for a trauma patient with arterial blood gas (ABG) results of pH 7.26, PaCO2 28, HCO3 11 mEq/L. How would the nurse interpret these results?

A client is admitted to the burn unit with burns over 49% of the body surface area, including the face and neck. Carbon particles are noted around the nose and mouth. The client is slightly confused and reports minor pain. When assessing the client, which is an immediate priority for the nurse to evaluate?

Which is the preferred route administration for potassium?

The nurse is caring for a patient with chronic fatigue and poorly controlled back pain that impacts the patient’s ability to walk. Which complications related to these diagnoses will the nurse closely monitor the patient for? Select all that apply.

A patient has been admitted with a diagnosis of hypokalemia. The most recent laboratory reports confirm that the patient is not adequately responding to treatment. What assessment finding would be most relevant to providing appropriate treatment for this patient?