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1.       A 21-year-old white female presents with headache, fever and photophobia of 12 hours duration.  She has never had anything like this before.  In the emergency room,  she appears lethargic and confused.  T101.9F, RR 18, P98, BP 104/62.  She has nuchal rigidity as well as photophobia.  Fundoscopic exam reveals no papilledema.  The rest of the physical exam is unremarkable.  A Lumbar puncture is performed immediately.  Results from the fluid: WBC 313/ml (92% neutrophils) 25 RBCs, total protein 68, glucose 40.  Gram stain shows no organisms.  Tube 4 shows the same results as tube 1.  Opening pressure is 30 cm H2O.   This is most consistent with:

A 65-year-old gentleman with long-standing pulmonary emphysema from cigarette smoking is admitted for a COPD exacerbation.  Your resident informs you that he is a “chronic CO2 retainer.”  He recently underwent pulmonary function testing as an outpatient which revealed an FEV1 of 40% predicted for his age and weight.  A resting, baseline room air arterial blood gas was also obtained and revealed a pH = 7.38, pCO2 = 50, pO2 = 70 (reference values given below).  A PA/lateral CXR has been ordered and the results of a just performed ABG are pending. Reference ranges: pH 7.35-7.45 pCO2 36-44 pO2 >85   Which of the following set of laboratories would MOST likely be found in this patient?   Na K Chloride HCO3 BUN creatinine A. 140 4.2 100 20 15 1.0 B. 140 4.2 110 20 15 1.0 C. 140 4.2 95 25 15 1.0 D. 140 4.2 105 25 15 1.0 E. 140 4.2 80 30 15 1.0 F. 140 4.2 102 30 15 1.0

Use the Empirical Rule to determine exactly what percentage of the data should fall between 2 and 3 standard deviations below the mean. (Do not type the percent sign in your answer.)   Percent = [a] Retype your answer. [b]

A student has completed 20 courses in the School of Arts and Science. Her grades in the 20 courses are shown below:   B, B, C, C, A, A, A, B, B, B, A, B, B, C, B, C, B, A, D, A   Create a frequency and a percent frequency table for this data set. (Do NOT type any percent signs in your answers. For instance, 50% should be entered as 50)   Letter Frequency Percent Frequency A [a] [b] B [c] [d] C [e] [f] D [g] [h]

Enter the letter that matches with the identical quantity: A.) B.) C.) D.) E.) F.) G.) None of the above quantities   The sample proportion [a] The point estimate of the population mean [b] The expected value of [c] The standard error [d]

Use this set-up for Problems 9-10:   A 5-number summary for a set of data is 10, 23, 32, 39, 46.   Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Use this set-up for Problems 48-52:   As of April 5, 2021, the average cost of a wedding in Missouri was determined to be $20,058 (according to valuepenguin.com). Suppose the population standard deviation of wedding costs is $7,500. To determine if the average cost of a wedding in Illinois is more than Missouri, you decide to take a sample of 36 weddings and perform a hypothesis test. Suppose your simple random sample had an average cost of $22,333. You decide to use a significance level of 0.05. What hypotheses would be used to determine if the average cost of a wedding in Illinois is more than the average in Missouri?

Use this set-up for Problems 29-31: Suppose it is known that for all UMSL students, the average commute time to campus is 30 minutes with a standard deviation of 12 minutes. For samples consisting of 100 students each…   The shape of the sampling distribution for the average commute times would be:

Use this set-up for Problems 13-17: A weighted or unfair die is one in which all outcomes are not equally likely when rolled. To determine the probabilities of each outcome, a weighted die was rolled 1,000 times and the relative frequency of occurrence is used as the probability. These probabilities are listed in the probability distribution table below: Outcome Probability 1 0.103 2 0.204 3 0.055 4 0.245 5 _____? 6 0.220   What kind of probability is displayed and what allows us to estimate it this way?

Use this set-up for Problems 35-36: Based on a sample of 245 UMSL students, a 95% confidence interval for the proportion of UMSL students who live on campus was calculated to be (0.15, 0.25).   Which of the following could be the true value of p, the proportion of all UMSL students who live on campus?