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A 72-year-old man with moderate COPD presents with shortness of breath and wheezing. His primary care provider prescribes ipratropium bromide (Atrovent) inhaler. Ipratropium bromide (Atrovent) is a type of anticholinergic medication. Which of the following therapeutic effects occur when ipratropium bromide (Atrovent) is prescribed to manage COPD symptoms?

A patient with chronic pain has a fentanyl patch applied to his right shoulder. The patient reports that his arm hurts and he requests a warm pack to apply to the area. Which statement by the nurse is correct?

A 77-year-old woman presents to your clinic concerned with a left foot ulcer.  She has mild pain that is relieved with elevation of her leg. Physical exam findings: ulcer is located on the medial malleolus Irregular border and a pink granulation tissue base Discoloration of the lower legs, darker than the surrounding skin What is the most likely cause of this patient’s foot ulcer?

The nurse is caring for a patient who is to receive a local anesthetic with lidocaine and epinephrine. What is the primary purpose of the epinephrine?

A postoperative patient has an epidural infusion of morphine sulfate [Astramorph]. The patient’s respiratory rate declines to 6 breaths per minute. Which medication would the nurse anticipate administering?  

Clark is a hard worker but doesn’t always value coworker input. He is passed up for promotion by more recent hires. Clark does not understand why he is not getting promoted. Clark fails to understand _________ self-awareness.

The nurse knows that local anesthetics stop axonal conduction by blocking what?

A patient with multiple sclerosis (MS) is participating in a rehabilitation program. The patient has just been started on baclofen [Lioresal] 5 mg 3 times a day to help manage spasticity. How will the baclofen interfere with rehabilitation activities?

The Axis Powers in World War II consisted of all of the following EXCEPT:

A nurse teaches a patient who takes daily low-dose aspirin for protection against myocardial infarction and stroke to avoid also taking which medication?