The majority of genetic defects in humans that cause autoimm…

The majority of genetic defects in humans that cause autoimmune diseases are in genes that regulate T cell responses. These include the AIRE, CTLA4, FOXP3, and FAS genes. These findings indicate that B cells and innate immune cells are not important in autoimmunity.

The prevention of inflammatory immune responses to inhaled a…

The prevention of inflammatory immune responses to inhaled antigens in healthy individuals has mechanisms in common with those that prevent inflammatory immune responses to commensal microbes in the gut. One important component of immune regulation shared by these two situations is:

Red blood cells are common targets of drug-induced anemia, w…

Red blood cells are common targets of drug-induced anemia, where  IgG antibodies  bind to the drug-coated red blood cell and promote red blood cell destruction. The drug binding to the red blood cell surface does not actually harm the red blood cell, the anemia resulting in this disorder is caused by: