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Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are a major pathological mechanism in many disorders. Given the mechanism that causes ROS to be formed, which of the following conditions is most likely to generate the highest quantity of ROS? 

Which of the following correctly explains the role of IAPP (amylin) in DMTII? 

In bacterial pneumonia, patients can experience both alkalosis and acidosis. For patients with prolonged (hours) tachypnea, which of the following would the patient most likely develop?

Activation off which type of cell is the most critical for determining if an acquired immune response will be initiated (for the first time against an antigen)?

Which of the following descriptions about NSAID mechanism and gastric disorders such as peptic ulcer disease (PUD) and gastritis is correct?

Why is it that thromboses from deep vein thromboses (DVTs) cause pulmonary embolisms whereas thromboses released from atherosclerosis will cause strokes and MI’s?

Activation of endothelial cells results in three major alterations that were seen over and over during the semester. Which of those is NOT part of one of these three?

Fibrosis is a frequent pathological alteration. Which of the following is INCONSISTENT with fibrosis? (all are true statements, but one is not fibrosis)

Activation of endothelial cells results in three major alterations that were seen over and over during the semester. Which of those is NOT part of one of these three?

True or False: Reactive oxygen species are produced due to the incomplete reduction of oxygen into water.