Jenny flinches every time she hears a loud noise.  If the no…

Jenny flinches every time she hears a loud noise.  If the noise is too loud, she experiences a flashback and becomes very upset.  She has been this way ever since her helicopter was shot down in Afghanistan. Based on this description, Jenny is likely experiencing _________________. 

Please tell me something you enjoyed (a topic, preferably, b…

Please tell me something you enjoyed (a topic, preferably, but if you didn’t enjoy the topics at all, something else) about the class and/or provide me with one opportunity for improvement. Credit will be awarded to students who respond, no credit will be given for a blank answer box. If you don’t wish to respond, please type that in the box instead to get credit.

Mr. Skinner turns on a red light just before he turns on the…

Mr. Skinner turns on a red light just before he turns on the electric current in the floor of his rats’ cages.  He noticed that the rats’ heart rates now increase whenever the red light comes on, before the shock even starts.  What process has taken place?