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Regarding urine formation: which of the following regions is responsible for reabsorbing water from the pre-urine?

FILL-IN: Birds, other reptiles, and spiders excrete nitrogenous waste in the form of a thick, pasty substance that doesn’t dissolve easily in water. This form of nitrogenous waste is called: _____.

The earliest group of vertebrate animals that evolved was the:

Bony fishes, cartilaginous fishes, and jawless fishes share many characteristics, but not all. Which of the following is NOT found in all 3 groups of fishes?

FILL-IN: Briefly explain the advantages of excreting nitrogenous waste in the form of urea rather than in its original form of ammonia.

FILL-IN: Calcitonin is a hormone that lowers the amount of calcium in the blood, whereas parathyroid hormone increases the amount of calcium in the blood. These hormones are referred to as “____ hormones” because their effects are opposites of each other.  Spell carefully.

Which of the following physiological responses is part of the short-term stress response but NOT part of the long-term stress response?

ESSAY: ANTIDIURETIC HORMONE Demonstrate your knowledge of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) by discussing the function of this hormone in your body.  Your discussion of ADH should specifically address, but does not need to be limited to: -the role of ADH in maintaining homeostasis (making reference to the specific factor for which ADH maintains homeostasis). -an example of conditions in your body that would cause this factor to not be in homeostasis, and therefore would lead to increased secretion of ADH. -the endocrine gland from which ADH is secreted. -the target of ADH (be as specific as possible with regard to the target). -the effect of ADH on this target’s activity, and how this effect is achieved. -the overall effect of ADH on urine and how this relates to maintaining homeostasis for the relevant factor.

FILL-IN: The pancreas secretes the hormone ________ in order to reduce the amount of glucose in the blood.  Spell carefully.

Consider the data set below. Determine the missing quantity in the five number summary.5.4 2.0 6.8 3.1 2.9 4.7 2.1 5.0 1.9 3.4Five Number Summary: Min = 2.0, Q1 = 2.1, Q2 = 3.25, Q3 = _? , Max = 6.8