Five processes (A, B, C, D, and E) will each use a block of…

Five processes (A, B, C, D, and E) will each use a block of code that is shareable but can be used by only one process at a time. These processes will use a semaphore to control access to the critical section (CS). Q1: What should the initial value of the semaphore counter be?

Resolving a page fault requires loading the needed page into…

Resolving a page fault requires loading the needed page into memory from disk. This disk read operation dominates the time needed to resolve the page fault. The page read in from disk is placed in a frame; processes are given a set allocation of frames to use while they run. Why does resolving this page fault take twice as long if no ‘clean’ pages are found in the frames available to this process?