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Consequences of a structural failure may include loss of life, cost to society, cost of clearing debris, and replacing the structure.

Strength-reduction factors are _______, while load factors are _______.

One-way slabs carry loads in either a north-south or east-west direction to the joists or beams, whereas two-way slabs carry loads in both directions.

Using the same size forms throughout a project will generally increase the overall costs.

It is desirable to have one factor, or a series of factors, to account for the variability in resistances and another series of factors to account for the variability of load effects, because strengths and loads vary independently.

Concrete buildings inherently have a 5- to 10-hour fire rating without special fireproofing or other details.

A direct action is a movement or deformation that does not result from applied loads, but that causes stresses in the structure.

Serviceability limit states are generally not considered risks for collapse or other immediate catastrophic failure.

To reduce formwork costs, haunched beams should be avoided.

An architect will generally design individual systems within a building, while an engineer will provide the over-all building layout.