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A 54-year-old female patient is referred for a transthoracic echocardiogram due to reported palpitations and occasional premature atrial contractions (PACs) noted on her ECG. During the echocardiogram, which of the following findings is most likely to be observed in a patient with frequent PACs?

Choose the correct formula for the Bernoulli Equation. 

A patient presents with atrial fibrillation. When Doppler is performed on the echo, it will show no ____ wave. 

On EKG, this abnormality causes a “saw-tooth” pattern:

All of the following are components of Beck’s Triad EXCEPT:

________________ affects the whole heart and impedes diastolic filling.  

________________ causes fibrosis of the arch and descending aorta; it’s also known as aortic arch syndrome. 

Which Doppler parameter is typically measured to evaluate the severity of mitral stenosis?

The Carney Complex is a familial trait that causes the patient to have multiple ____________ that will often regrow after removal.  

A patient with restrictive cardiomyopathy inhales deeply, what happens to his E wave during MV inflow doppler?