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The phosphate transport system in bacteria imports phosphate into the cell even when the concentration of phosphate outside the cell is much lower than the cytoplasmic phosphate concentration. Phosphate import depends on a pH gradient across the membrane—more acidic outside the cell than inside the cell. Phosphate transport is an example of _____.

Palade’s famous experiment showed the movement of radiolabeled proteins through pancreatic cells.  The order that these proteins traveled was best described as which of the following:

B. (4 pts) What basic role do G Proteins play in cell signaling?

2. (5 pts) Indicate how each alteration would affect membrane fluidity: Alteration Membrane Fluidity will . . . Increasing the amount of phospholipids with unsaturated fatty acyl tails [increasedecrease1] Increasing the length of the phospholipid fatty acyl tails [increasedecrease2] Increasing the temperature [increasedecrease3] Adding cholesterol to a membrane experiencing cold temperatures [increasedecrease4] Adding cholesterol to a membrane experiencing hot temperatures [increasedecrease5]  

What type of signaling involves extremely short-range signals that are carried by vesicles and then dumped into a gap or cleft before being received by a neighboring cell?

Tags added onto proteins within the Golgi apparatus that direct them to their final destination are most commonly made of. . .

Animals use enzyme-linked receptors that dimerize and then multiply-phosphorylate each other in order to propagate a signal.  These receptors are generally called. . .

Most proteins passing through the nuclear pore contain. . .

When a cell secretes a growth factor that binds to receptors on its own membrane preventing it from proliferating, this is an example of ____. 

What would be a good positive control for a typical immunofluorescence experiment?