Jessica is in a new relationship with Ben. After their third…

Jessica is in a new relationship with Ben. After their third date, she feels extremely worried when he takes three hours to respond to a simple text message. While waiting, she checks his social media activity multiple times, sends a follow-up text asking if he’s upset, and mentally rehearses reasons why he might be pulling away. She needs frequent reassurance of his feelings and often becomes highly emotional or clingy when she perceives any distance in the relationship, believing his temporary absence is proof that he will inevitably abandon her. Jessica’s pattern of constantly seeking validation, experiencing high relationship anxiety, and fearing abandonment is most characteristic of which adult attachment style?

Mark is a project lead who consistently exaggerates his past…

Mark is a project lead who consistently exaggerates his past achievements and qualifications to his team and upper management, often taking sole credit for his subordinates’ work. When confronted by his coworker, Sarah, about unfairly claiming her data, he casually lies, denying any wrongdoing, and subtly threatens to speak poorly of her during her performance review. He shows no remorse for Sarah’s distress and genuinely believes she is overreacting to a minor professional necessity. Mark’s persistent pattern of behavior, characterized by a lack of empathy, self-serving dishonesty, and an inflated sense of self-importance, aligns with which pathological personality trait domain under the Bad Five?