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A researcher was interested in evaluating if there was a relationship between participants’ academic class rank in high school (e.g., 1st, 2nd, 3rd, etc.) and their class rank in College (e.g., 1st, 2nd, 3rd, etc.).  What statistic would you use?

A researcher developed an intervention designed to increase the strength of adults 85 years or older.  The researcher randomly selected 6 older adults, pretested the adults to determine their pre-intervention strength, implemented the strength training program for 10 weeks (1 training session/week), and then posttested them immediately following the last intervention session.  Higher scores represent greater strength. The null hypothesis for this study is:  

Is it appropriate to calculate a median for ordinal data?

5 older adults volunteered for a study interested in determining the strength of older adults. The 5 older adults were asked to do as many pull-ups as they could. The number of pull-ups for the 5 participants is listed below.  The pull-up results (X) were: 5, 2, 2, 7, 9 What is the median number of pullups?

A researcher developed the following regression equation to predict muscular strength (y) from fat mass (Fat) in undergraduate students.                                                                             predicted y = 1.0 + 0.7 (Fat)                                                                                           R2 = .49                                                                                    In this sample, what is the proportion of the variance in undergraduate students’  muscular strength that is explained by fat mass (Fat)?

When a researcher is evaluating the external validity of a research design, what is the researcher primarily focusing on?

If a researcher was planning a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effect of an exercise intervention (intervention group vs. control group) on blood pressure, in which situation would you need a larger sample size to achieve the same level of power.  Assume all other factors are kept the same.

A researcher compared the average physical activity scores for males and females using an effect size (Cohen’s d) and found an effect size of -2.5.  What is your interpretation?

If you were conducting a pairwise comparisons of 2 means and the 95% confidence interval for the difference in the 2 means was from -14 to -2, what would you conclude?

Impact of weight loss on health-related quality of life in older females. What is the dependent variable?