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Which of the following statements are true of alveolar overdistension / hyperinflation ? a.  It can be identified by assessing pressure / volume waveform b.  It appears as ” beaking ” deformity on pressure / volume loop c.  If not corrected can lead to barotrauma, VILI and pneumothorax d.  Can be corrected by decreasing tidal volume on Volume control ventilation and decreasing the PIP ( peak inspiratory pressure) on pressure control mode of ventilation e.  All of the above statements are true

The ipratropium bromide (Atrovent) was added to the next bronchodilator therapy. Four hours has passed and as you walked in to your patients room, you notice that he is slumped over to the side. Based on ACLS, what should you do first?   Choose only ONE

A patient with a 10-year history of chronic bronchitis and an acute viral pneumonia exhibits the following blood gas results breathing room air: pH = 7.22; PCO2 = 67; HCO3- = 26; PO2 = 60. Which of the following best describes this patient’s condition? A. chronic hypoxemic respiratory failure B. acute hypercapnic respiratory failure C. chronic hypercapnic respiratory failure D. acute hypoxemic respiratory failure

Which of the following patients has the most serious problem with the adequacy of oxygenation? Patient FIO2 PaO2   A.         .70                  90 mm Hg B.         .40                  95 mm Hg C.         1.0                  85 mm Hg D.         0.28                65 mm Hg

Which of the following types of waveforms may be used to determine if a leak is present in a ventilator – patient system? a.  volume / time b.  pressure/ volume loop c.  flow/ volume loop d.  all of the above can be used to determine a leak

A patient is receiving continuous mandatory ventilation in the control mode at a set rate of 15/min. The inspiratory time is 0.8 second. What is the expiratory time?  What is the I:E ratio? A. 3.2 seconds; 1:4 B. 2.8 seconds; 1:1 C. 2.4 seconds; 1:2 D. 4.2 seconds; 1:3

Based on the following ABG results, what is the most likely diagnosis?  pH = 6.89, PaCO2 = 24 torr,  HCO3 = 4.7 mEq/ L a.  Acute uncompensated metabolic acidosis b.  Acute uncompensated respiratory acidosis c.  Partially compensated metabolic acidosis d.  Partially compensated respiratory acidosis

Which of the following conditions should be maintained when delivering medical gases to the nose and mouth?

A patient is on 24% venturi mask running at 2 lpm what is the total flow delivered to the patient?

Which of the following conditions will appear hyperlucent with retrosternal space on a chest x- ray? I.  Atelectasis II. Pneumothorax III. Pneumonia IV. emphysema V.  Acute asthma a. I,II and III only    b. II, III, and  IV     c.  II, III, IV and V     d.  II, IV and V only