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Which of the following terms is used to describe the cultural processes through which groups of people are divided into racial categories based on perceived biological differences such as skin color and eye shape:

This Indian sprinter and women’s national champion was prohibited from competing as a woman in 2014 due to concerns that her hyperandrogenism provided an unfair advantage over her competitors:

Nicknamed the “Boilermaker,” Jim Jefferies was a legendary boxer who came out of retirement to fight what boxer in the “Fight of the Century,” which took place on July 4th, 1910:

This medical condition is defined as “…a progressive degenerative disease of the brain found in people with a history of repetitive brain trauma (often athletes), including symptomatic concussions as well as asymptomatic sub-concussive hits to the head…”

In the lecture on gender verification tests, Dr. Barnes mentioned how the 2018 International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF) rules determining appropriate testosterone levels for women athletes specifically target middle-distance track events (such as the 400 meters and the mile) preferred by this dominant South African runner:

Which of the following best represents the scientific justification used to prevent women from participating in sports and physical activity well into the early 20th Century:

Coined by sociologists Sheila Cavanaugh and Linda Sykes (2006), this concept describes the idea that men will always have a natural, biological advantage over women in athletic competitions:

Alex Shultz argues that the 24-hour use of wearable technologies by NCAA athletes is problematic for the following reasons:  

All of the following were issues during the George H. W. Bush administration EXCEPT:

During the 1992 Presidential Election, the key issue was: