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Which fluid, when used for the treatment of hyponatremia, might lead to osmotic demyelination if administered too fast? 

Datum dimensioning is preferred over continuous dimensions because it …

Which blood product or substitute is best indicated for the treatment of von Willebrand disease and documented deficits of fibrinogen?

Which method is NOT part of the historical approach to calculating fluid requirements in patients?

All are examples of the adverse physiological effects that can be caused by postoperative pain EXCEPT

A 27-year-old man is scheduled for a laparoscopic cholecystectomy. He has no past medical history. He has never smoked before. The CRNA plans to use an Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) and opioid-sparing approach. She also prescribed a Scopolamine patch to be placed on the patient preoperatively. Of the information given, select three risk factors that increase the likelihood of this patient having postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). 

In considering the causes of postoperative hypoxemia, select the two statements that are correct.

Select two possible consequences of postoperative hypothermia.

Which volume replacement fluid must be used with caution in patients with diabetes because it has gluconeogenic potential?

Which hourly maintenance rate is correctly calculated for a 75 kg patient using the 4:2:1 rule?