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The artist Heather Dewey-Hagborg (a real person, you can google her after the exam) collected discarded cigarette butts, chewing gum and fingernails left behind on the sidewalks of New York City. She then extracted DNA, had it analyzed for the presence of certain markers that can inform phenotype (e.g. eye color, skin color, nose size) and used that information to reconstruct 3D portraits of the people that left the original items behind. Do you think this kind of project is problematic? In what way? Explain your arguments whether you see a problem or not. Do you think data collected in such a way could be used as a means of surveillance? Should this then be regulated to avoid abuse?

  This DNA sequence occurs within the coding sequence of a gene. The first three nucleotides (underlined) code for glutamic acid (Glu).  The following DNA mutation is likely to result in a shorter than normal mRNA: G -> C at position 70  

Which of the following statements about nucleotides are true and which are false?    In DNA, the sugar is ribose, while in RNA it is deoxyribose

Which of the following statements about antibody molecules are true and which are false?  They form by DNA recombination between D (diverse) and C (constant) regions

Which of the following statements about nucleotides are true and which are false?    For both DNA and RNA, the backbones are sugar-phosphate chains

x   This DNA sequence occurs within the coding sequence of a gene. The first three nucleotides (underlined) code for glutamic acid (Glu).  The following DNA mutation is likely to result in a shorter than normal mRNA: A -> T at position 82

7-methyl-guanosine is added to mRNA molecules during a processing reaction in eukaryotes. The unique processing event is a:

During protein synthesis, the tRNA aminoacyl synthetase acts to:    covalently bind an amino acid to the acceptor stem of the tRNA

  You purify a wild-type protein from a strain of E. coli bacteria, and then sequence the first few amino acids of the protein. You find that the first few amino acids are:                 Met – Trp – Cys – His – …… Using the genetic code table given above, what is the RNA nucleotide sequence encoding these five amino acids? If the sequence is ambiguous, use parentheses. For example, if a particular base could be either an A or a G, indicate it as (AG) in your sequence. Put single space between codons and no spaces between letters in the same codon, for example GGG AA(AU) CCC Start writing from the 5′ end of the RNA sequence. 

The function(s) of topoisomerases during replication is to:    decrease tension to relieve supercoiling